What should a scientist do when encountering a discrepancy between predicted and actual positions of a celestial object?

When a scientist finds a discrepancy between the predicted and actual positions of a celestial object, the appropriate response is to verify the observations are correct. This step is crucial because scientific inquiry relies on accurate and repeatable measurements. Verification may involve checking the instrumentation used for observations, ensuring that calculations were performed correctly, and confirming that no external factors influenced the observations.

Investigating the data helps to eliminate any potential errors and ensures that the findings reflect reality as closely as possible. Once the data is verified and confirmed, the scientist can then consider the implications of this discrepancy: whether it indicates a need for new theories, modifications to existing theories, or simply an update in observational techniques.

The approach of verifying observations is foundational in scientific practice, as it promotes a systematic understanding of the phenomena being studied, allowing for robust conclusions that pave the way for further investigation and development in the field of astrophysics.